Cardiology Conference-CVC 2026

Rheumatic heart disease, at its core, develops as a long-term consequence of rheumatic fever, which itself arises from untreated streptococcal infections. The condition primarily targets the mitral and aortic valves, leading to either stenosis or regurgitation—both of which can set the stage for significant complications like heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or even stroke.

Timely identification of rheumatic fever and immediate initiation of antibiotic therapy are crucial, especially among children and young adults in high-risk communities. The window for intervention is narrow; delays can result in irreversible cardiac damage.

Managing rheumatic heart disease requires a multifaceted approach. Medical management typically includes diuretics to control fluid retention, beta-blockers to regulate heart rate, and anticoagulants to reduce the risk of thromboembolism. In more severe cases, surgical intervention—such as valve repair or replacement—may be necessary to restore cardiac function. Long-term secondary prophylaxis with antibiotics remains a cornerstone for preventing recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever and further valve damage.

On a broader scale, public health initiatives play a pivotal role. Early diagnosis, patient education, and equitable access to medical care collectively help curb the global impact of RHD. By integrating preventive measures, evidence-based medical therapy, and timely surgical intervention, clinicians can significantly improve patient outcomes and quality of life for those affected by rheumatic heart disease.