Cardiology Conference-CVC 2026

Obesity is a significant cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor, resulting in complications including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Having excess body weight increases the workload of the heart, perpetuates inflammation, and hastens the development of vascular disease resulting in an increased chance of heart attack, heart failure, and stroke.

The following mechanisms link obesity to CVD:

Increased blood pressure: Excess weight increases vascular resistance and mechanical stress on the heart.

Dyslipidemia: Hypertension and obesity lead to elevated LDL cholesterol and triglycerides, and decreased HDL cholesterol.

Insulin resistance: Increased risk of type 2 diabetes further increases cardiac risk.

Inflammation: Adipose tissue produces pro-inflammatory cytokines resulting in vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.

Preventative and treatment strategies include:

Weight reduction: Occurs through balanced diet and eating in moderation combined with increased activity and lifestyle changes.

Healthy Lifestyle: Emphasis on heart healthy diets (Mediterranean or DASH), minimal processed foods, and avoidance of smoking and heavy drinking.

Medications: Occasionally, medications or surgical interventions (bariatric surgery) may help in the treatment of severe obesity and comorbidities.

Longitudinal Follow-Up: Following blood pressure, lipid levels, and glucose levels can inform a provider on risk reduction as a means to mitigate their cardiometabolic risk.

Early intervention to address obesity is of paramount importance to decreasing the burden of cardiovascular disease. With attention to lifestyle changes, medical management, and public health initiatives, people can...