Cardiology Conference-CVC 2026

Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent sustained cardiac arrhythmia, with the atria experiencing irregular and accelerated electrical activity. AF has the potential to result in palpitations, fatigue, shortness of breath, and increased risk of stroke, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases.

Risks and causes are hypertension, coronary heart disease, heart valve problems, obesity, diabetes, excessive alcohol intake, and old age. AF may be paroxysmal (episodic), persistent, or permanent, with each necessitating an individually directed management plan.

Diagnosis depends mainly on electrocardiography (ECG), although intermittent episodes are often picked up using long-term monitoring with Holter monitors or implanted loop recorders. Echocardiography and cardiac imaging are employed to determine underlying structural disease that might be a cause of AF.

AF management is rate control, rhythm control, and prevention of stroke. Heart rhythm can be controlled through medication like beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or antiarrhythmics, while anticoagulants prevent thromboembolic complications. In nonresponders to drugs, catheter ablation provides a minimally invasive method to correct normal rhythm. Device therapy in the form of pacemakers might be required in selected patients.

Lifestyle changes—weight control, exercise, blood pressure regulation, and moderation of alcohol consumption—are imperative in the prevention of AF recurrence and overall cardiovascular health.

Given the evolution of electrophysiology and tailoring of therapy, atrial fibrillation management now continues to enhance rhythm control, prevention of stroke, and quality of life for patients globally.""